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Displaying 611 - 620 of 7456 in ACP Online
Preparing a Poster Presentation
Posters are a legitimate and popular presentation format for research and clinical vignettes. They efficiently communicate concepts and data to an audience using a combination of visuals and text. Most scientific meeting planners take advantage of the popularity and communication efficiency of poster presentations by scheduling more poster than oral presentations. Poster presentations allow the author to meet and speak informally with interested viewers, facilitating a greater exchange of ideas and networking opportunities than with oral presentations.
Glossary of Common Research Terms
Terms found in the: Introduction Section Methods Section Results Section Introduction Section: A Priori hypothesis: A hypothesis that is generated before the study or experiment. Not based upon experimental fact.
Giving the Podium Presentation
The final step in the research process is the presentation. In order to ensure a successful presentation, this article will cover the following concluding steps: What to wear. Preparing on site. Delivering the presentation. Answering questions. Anticipating the unexpected. What you wear when making your presentation will affect your audience. This does not mean you need to go out and purchase an entirely new wardrobe, but consider the following suggestions:
Abstract Competition Poster Guidelines
Each presenter will be asked to give a 4 minute "presentation overview" of their research or their case, leaving 6 minutes for a question and answer session with the judges. The poster board surface is approximately 4' high and 8' wide. It has a cork base, with a fabric covering so that either pushpins or Velcro can be used.
Guide to Preparing for the Abstract Competition
The College has put together materials to assist you in communicating your research results. The following articles provide helpful advice on the entire scientific communication process, from writing the abstract to delivering the poster or oral presentation. To make the most out of your research experience, and to make it as rewarding as possible, we strongly encourage you to read the appropriate chapters. 1. Writing a Research Abstract
ACP Resident/Fellow Member Winning Presentations for the 2021 National Abstracts Competition
ACP highlights virtual presentations for winning abstracts selected for an oral Podium Presentation at Internal Medicine Meeting 2021: Virtual Experience.
Displaying 611 - 620 of 6915 in Annals of Internal Medicine
These Annals of Internal Medicine results only contain recent articles.
- Visit annals.org to search all content back to 1927.
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Surgery, Needle Fasciotomy, or Collagenase Injection for Dupuytren Contracture: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 177, No 3
Background: Surgery, needle fasciotomy, and collagenase injection are used to treat Dupuytren contracture. The treatment decision requires balancing initial morbidity and costs of surgery against its potential long-term benefits over needle fasciotomy and collagenase. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of surgery, needle fasciotomy, and collagenase injection at 3 months and 2 years (secondary time points of the trial). Design: A multicenter, randomized, outcome assessor–blinded, superiority trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03192020) Setting: 6 public hospitals in Finland. Participants: 302 persons with treatment-naive Dupuytren contracture (contracture angle <135°). Intervention: Surgery (n = 101), needle fasciotomy (n = 101), or collagenase (n = 100). Measurements: The primary outcome was the success rate, defined as greater than 50% contracture release and patients reaching the patient acceptable symptom state. Secondary outcomes included hand function, pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction, residual contracture angle, finger flexion, risk for retreatment, and serious adverse events. Results: A total of 292 (97%) and 284 (94%) participants completed the 3-month and 2-year follow-ups. Success rates were similar at 3 months: 71% (95% CI, 62% to 80%) for surgery, 73% (CI, 64% to 82%) for needle fasciotomy, and 73% (CI, 64% to 82%) for collagenase. At 2 years, surgery had superior success rates compared with both needle fasciotomy (78% vs. 50%; adjusted risk difference [aRD], 0.30 [CI, 0.17 to 0.43]) and collagenase (78% vs. 65%; aRD, 0.13 [CI, 0.01 to 0.26]). Secondary analyses paralleled with the primary analysis. Limitation: Participants were not blinded. Conclusion: Initial outcomes are similar between the treatments, but at 2 years success rates were maintained in the surgery group but were lower with both needle fasciotomy and collagenase despite retreatments. Primary Funding Source: Research Council of Finland.
Effect of Health Service Area on Primary Care Physician Provision of Low-Value Cancer Screening
Background: Using a health systems approach to investigate low-value care (LVC) may provide insights into structural drivers of this pervasive problem. Objective: To evaluate the influence of service area practice patterns on low-value mammography and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Design: Retrospective study analyzing LVC rates between 2008 and 2018, leveraging physician relocation in 3-year intervals of matched physician and patient groups. Setting: U.S. Medicare claims data. Participants: 8254 physicians and 56 467 patients aged 75 years or older. Measurements: LVC rates for physicians staying in their original service area and those relocating to new areas. Results: Physicians relocating from higher-LVC areas to low-LVC areas were more likely to provide lower rates of LVC. For mammography, physicians staying in high-LVC areas (LVC rate, 10.1% [95% CI, 8.8% to 12.2%]) or medium-LVC areas (LVC rate, 10.3% [CI, 9.0% to 12.4%]) provided LVC at a higher rate than physicians relocating from those areas to low-LVC areas (LVC rates, 6.0% [CI, 4.4% to 7.5%] [difference, −4.1 percentage points {CI, −6.7 to −2.3 percentage points}] and 5.9% [CI, 4.6% to 7.8%] [difference, −4.4 percentage points {CI, −6.7 to −2.4 percentage points}], respectively). For PSA testing, physicians staying in high- or moderate-LVC service areas provided LVC at a rate of 17.5% (CI, 14.9% to 20.7%) or 10.6% (CI, 9.6% to 13.2%), respectively, compared with those relocating from those areas to low-LVC areas (LVC rates, 9.9% [CI, 7.5% to 13.2%] [difference, −7.6 percentage points {CI, −10.9 to −3.8 percentage points}] and 6.2% [CI, 3.5% to 9.8%] [difference, −4.4 percentage points {CI, −7.6 to −2.2 percentage points}], respectively). Physicians relocating from lower- to higher-LVC service areas were not more likely to provide LVC at a higher rate. Limitation: Use of retrospective observational data, possible unmeasured confounding, and potential for relocating physicians to practice differently from those who stay. Conclusion: Physicians relocating to service areas with lower rates of LVC provided less LVC than physicians who stayed in areas with higher rates of LVC. Systemic structures may contribute to LVC. Understanding which factors are contributing may present opportunities for policy and interventions to broadly improve care. Primary Funding Source: National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health.
Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Patients With Transient New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Detected During Hospitalization for Noncardiac Surgery or Medical Illness: A Matched Cohort Study: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 176, No 10
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often detected for the first time in patients who are hospitalized for another reason. Long-term risks for AF recurrence in these patients are unclear. Objective: To estimate risk for AF recurrence in patients with new-onset AF during a hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness compared with a matched population without AF. Design: Matched cohort study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03221777) Setting: Three academic hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Participants: The study enrolled patients hospitalized for noncardiac surgery or medical illness who had transient new-onset AF. For each participant, an age- and sex-matched control participant with no history of AF from the same hospital ward was recruited. All participants left the hospital in sinus rhythm. Measurements: 14-day electrocardiographic (ECG) monitor at 1 and 6 months and telephone assessment at 1, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome was AF lasting at least 30 seconds on the monitor or captured by ECG 12-lead during routine care at 12 months. Results: Among 139 participants with transient new-onset AF (70 patients with medical illness and 69 surgical patients) and 139 matched control participants, the mean age was 71 years (SD, 10), the mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.0 (SD, 1.5), and 59% were male. The median duration of AF during the index hospitalization was 15.8 hours (IQR, 6.4 to 49.6 hours). After 1 year, recurrent AF was detected in 33.1% (95% CI, 25.3% to 40.9%) of participants in the transient new-onset AF group and 5.0% (CI, 1.4% to 8.7%) of matched control participants; after adjustment for the number of ECG monitors worn and for baseline clinical differences, the adjusted relative risk was 6.6 (CI, 3.2 to 13.7). After exclusion of participants who had electrical or pharmacologic cardioversion during the index hospitalization (n = 40) and their matched control participants and limiting to AF events detected by the patch ECG monitor, recurrent AF was detected in 32.3% (CI, 23.1% to 41.5%) of participants with transient new-onset AF and 3.0% (CI, 0% to 6.4%) of matched control participants. Limitations: Generalizability is limited, and the study was underpowered to evaluate subgroups and clinical predictors. Conclusion: Among patients who have transient new-onset AF during a hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness, approximately 1 in 3 will have recurrent AF within 1 year. Primary Funding Source: Peer-reviewed grants.
Paternal Use of Metformin During the Sperm Development Period Preceding Conception and Risk for Major Congenital Malformations in Newborns
Background: Metformin is the most used oral antidiabetic medication. Despite its established safety profile, it has known antiandrogenic and epigenetic modifying effects. This raised concerns about possible adverse developmental effects caused by genomic alterations related to paternal use of metformin during the spermatogenesis period preceding conception. Objective: To assess the potential adverse intergenerational effect of metformin by examining the association between paternal metformin use during spermatogenesis and major congenital malformations (MCMs) in newborns. Design: Nationally representative cohort study. Setting: A large Israeli health fund. Participants: 383 851 live births linked to fathers and mothers that occurred in 1999 to 2020. Measurements: MCMs and parental cardiometabolic conditions were ascertained using clinical diagnoses, medication dispensing information, and laboratory test results. The effect of metformin use on MCMs was estimated using general estimating equations, accounting for concurrent use of other antidiabetic medications and parental cardiometabolic morbidity. Results: Compared with unexposed fathers, the prevalence of cardiometabolic morbidity was substantially higher among fathers who used metformin during spermatogenesis, and their spouses. Whereas the crude odds ratio (OR) for paternal metformin exposure in all formulations and MCMs was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.64), the adjusted OR was 1.00 (CI, 0.76 to 1.31). Within specific treatment regimens, the adjusted OR was 0.86 (CI, 0.60 to 1.23) for metformin in monotherapy and 1.36 (CI, 1.00 to 1.85) for metformin in polytherapy, a treatment that was more common in patients with more poorly controlled diabetes. Limitation: Laboratory test results for hemoglobin A1c to assess underlying diabetes severity were available only for a subset of the cohort. Conclusion: Paternal use of metformin in monotherapy does not increase the risk for MCMs. Association for metformin in polytherapy could potentially be explained by worse underlying parental cardiometabolic risk profile. Primary Funding Source: None.
Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir Against the Development of Post–COVID-19 Conditions Among U.S. Veterans: A Target Trial Emulation: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 176, No 11
Background: COVID-19 has been linked to the development of many post–COVID-19 conditions (PCCs) after acute infection. Limited information is available on the effectiveness of oral antivirals used to treat acute COVID-19 in preventing the development of PCCs. Objective: To measure the effectiveness of outpatient treatment of COVID-19 with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in preventing PCCs. Design: Retrospective target trial emulation study comparing matched cohorts receiving nirmatrelvir–ritonavir versus no treatment. Setting: Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Participants: Nonhospitalized veterans in VHA care who were at risk for severe COVID-19 and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during January through July 2022. Intervention: Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir treatment for acute COVID-19. Measurements: Cumulative incidence of 31 potential PCCs at 31 to 180 days after treatment or a matched index date, including cardiac, pulmonary, renal, thromboembolic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, mental health, musculoskeletal, endocrine, and general conditions and symptoms. Results: Eighty-six percent of the participants were male, with a median age of 66 years, and 17.5% were unvaccinated. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between participants treated with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and matched untreated comparators. No differences were observed between participants treated with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (n = 9593) and their matched untreated comparators in the incidence of most PCCs examined individually or grouped by organ system, except for lower combined risk for venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism (subhazard ratio, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.44 to 0.97]; cumulative incidence difference, −0.29 percentage points [CI, −0.52 to −0.05 percentage points]). Limitations: Ascertainment of PCCs using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes may be inaccurate. Evaluation of many outcomes could have resulted in spurious associations with combined thromboembolic events by chance. Conclusion: Out of 31 potential PCCs, only combined thromboembolic events seemed to be reduced by nirmatrelvir–ritonavir. Primary Funding Source: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.