Menopause occurs with reduced estrogen and progesterone secretion that typically begins in the mid to late 40s, lasts about 4 to 10 years, and ends with permanent cessation of menses (1). Menopause typically occurs at a mean age of 50 years in Western populations, but age at onset varies substantially. These changes in hormone secretion are often associated with vasomotor symptoms—commonly called “hot flashes” and “night sweats”—but sleep problems, cognitive and mood disturbance, genitourinary symptoms, and sexual dysfunction are also common. These can be triggered by or be independent of vasomotor symptoms.
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