Endocrine

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) — 9-52 pg/mL (2-11 pmol/L)

Aldosterone, serum

Supine - 2-5 ng/dL (55-138 pmol/L)

Standing - 7-20 ng/dL (194-554 pmol/L)

Aldosterone, urine — 5-19 µg/24 h (13.9-52.6 nmol/24 h)

Catecholamines — Epinephrine (supine): less than 75 ng/L (410 pmol/L); norepinephrine (supine): 50-440 ng/L (296-2600 pmol/L)

Catecholamines, 24-hour, urine — Less than 100 µg/m² per 24 h (591 nmol/m² per 24 h)

Cortisol

Serum - 8 am: 8-20 µg/dL (221-552 nmol/L); 5 pm: 3-13 µg/dL (83-359 nmol/L);

1 h after cosyntropin; greater than 18 µg/dL (498 nmol/L); usually 8 µg/dL (221 nmol/L) or more above baseline

overnight suppression test: less than 5 µg/dL (138 nmol/L)

Urine free cortisol - less than 90 µg/24 h (248 nmol/24 h)

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, plasma — Male: 1.3-5.5 mg/mL (3.5-14.9 µmol/L); female: 0.6-3.3 mg/mL (1.6-8.9 µmol/L)

11-deoxycortisol, plasma — Basal: less than 5 µg/dL (145 nmol/L); after metyrapone: greater than 7 µg/dL (203 nmol/L)

Estradiol, serum — Male: 10-30 pg/mL (37-110 pmol/L); female: day 1-10, 50-100 pmol/L; day 11-20, 50-200 pmol/L; day 21-30, 70-150 pmol/L

Estriol, urine — Greater than 12 mg/24 h (42 µmol/d)

Follicle-stimulating hormone, serum — Male (adult): 5-15 mU/mL (5-15 U/L); female: follicular or luteal phase, 5-20 mU/mL (5-20 U/L); midcycle peak, 30-50 mU/mL (30-50 U/L); postmenopausal, greater than 35 mU/mL (35 U/L)

Growth hormone, plasma — After oral glucose, less than 2 ng/mL (2 µg/L); response to provocative stimuli: greater than 7 ng/mL (7 µg/L)

17-hydroxycorticosteroids, urine (Porter-Silber) — Male: 3-10 mg/24 h (8.3-28 µmol/24 h); female: 2-8 mg/24 h (5.5-22.1 µmol/24 h)

Insulin, serum (fasting) — 5-20 mU/L (35-139 pmol/L)

17-ketosteroids, urine — Male: 8-22 mg/24 h (28-77 µmol/24 h); female: up to 15 µg/24 h (52 mmol/24 h)

Luteinizing hormone, serum — Male: 3-15 mU/mL (3-15 U/L); female: follicular or luteal phase, 5-22 mU/mL (5-22 U/L); midcycle peak, 30-250 mU/mL (30-250 U/L); postmenopausal, greater than 30 mU/mL (30 U/L)

Metanephrine, urine — Less than 1.2 mg/24 h (6.1 mmol/24 h)

Parathyroid hormone, serum — 10-65 pg/mL (10-65 ng/L)

Progesterone

Luteal — 3-30 ng/mL (0.1-0.95 nmol/L)

Follicular — less than 1 ng/mL (0.03-nmol/L)

Prolactin, serum — Male: less than 15 ng/mL (15 mg/L); female: less than 20 ng/mL (20 mg/L)

Renin activity (angiotensin-I radioimmunoassay), plasma

Normal diet: supine, 0.3-1.9 ng/mL per h (0.3-1.9 µg/L per h); upright, 0.2-3.6 ng/mL per h (0.2-3.6 µg/L per h)

Sperm concentration — 20-150 million/mL (20-150 × 10⁶/L)

Sweat test for sodium and chloride — Less than 60 meq/L (60 mmol/L)

Testosterone, serum — Adult male: 300-1200 ng/dL (10-42 nmol/L); female: 20-75 ng/dL (0.7-2.6 nmol/L)

Thyroid function tests (normal ranges vary)

Thyroid iodine (¹³¹I) uptake - 10% to 30% of administered dose at 24 h

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) - 0.5-5.0 µU/mL (0.5-5.0 mU/mL)

Thyroxine (T₄), serum

Total - 5-12 µg/dL (64-155 nmol/L)

Free - 0.9-2.4 ng/dL (12-31 pmol/L)

Free T₄ index - 4-11

Triiodothyronine, resin (T₃) - 25%-35%

Triiodothyronine, serum (T₃) - 70-195 ng/dL (1.1-3.0 nmol/L)

Vanillylmandelic acid, urine — Less than 8 mg/24 h (40.4 µmol/24 h)

Vitamin D

1,25-dihydroxy, serum - 25-65 pg/mL (60-156 pmol/L)

25-hydroxy, serum - 15-80 ng/mL (37-200 nmol/L)

From MKSAP 12 ©2000, 2001, 2002. American College of Physicians—American Society of Internal Medicine