Internal Medicine Essentials for Students
Gastroenterology Section
.Approach to Abdominal Pain (Chapter 15)
Small Bowel Obstruction - View an abdominal X-ray showing small bowel obstruction.
Pneumoperitoneum - View an abdominal x-ray showing free air beneath the diaphragms.
Thumprinting - Plain abdominal x-ray showing "thumbprinting," a finding associated with ischemic colitis.
Toxic Megacolon - Plain abdominal x-ray showing a toxic megacolon.
Diverticular Abscess - CT scan showing a diverticular abscess complicating acute diverticulitis.
.Approach to Diarrhea (Chapter 16)
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Noninfectious Diarrhea - Use this table to guide the evaluation of noninfectious diarrhea.
Giardia - View a scanning electron micrograph of in vitro-grown Giardia trophozoites to see their morphology.
Celiac Disease - See a representative histological section of small bowel mucosa.
Dermatitis Herpetiformis - View the skin lesions of dermatitis herpetiformis associated with celiac disease.
.Approach to Liver Chemistry Tests (Chapter 17)
Transaminase Elevations- View a differential diagnosis of transaminase elevations.
.Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts (Chapter 18)
Pneumobilia - View an x-ray showing air in the biliary tree.
Normal Gallbladder - View an ultrasound study of a normal gallbladder.
Gallstones - View an ultasound study of gallstones.
.Acute Pancreatitis (Chapter 19)
Pancreatic Calcifications - View a CT scan showing pancreatic calcifications.
Interstitial Pancreatitis - View a CT can showing interstitial pancreatitis.
Necrotizing Pancreatitis - View a CT scan showing necrotizing pancreatitis.
.Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Chapter 20)
Barrett Esophagus - See the endoscopic view of Barrett mucosa.
Erosive Esophagitis - See the endoscopic view of erosive esophagitis.
Candida Esophagitis - See the endoscopic view of Candida esophagitis.
.Peptic Ulcer Disease (Chapter 21)
Peptic Ulcer Etiology - Review a table listing the causes of peptic ulcer disease.
Helicobacter pylori - Review a table of commonly used tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection.
.Dyspepsia (Chapter 22)
Dyspepsia Algorithm - Use this algorithm to manage the patient with dyspepsia.
.Approach to Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Chapter 23)
Ischemic Colitis - Plain abdominal x-ray showing "thumbprinting," a finding associated with ischemic colitis.
Ischemic Colitis - Colonoscopic view of ischemic colitis involving the sigmoid colon.
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasias - View telangiectasias associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome).
Visible Vessel - View a visible vessel at the base of a peptic ulcer.
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasias (GAVE) - The endoscopic view of vascular dilatation in the gastric mucosal lining.
Radiation Proctitis - Proctoscopic view of radiation proctitis.
.Hepatitis (Chapter 24)
Hepatitis A - View a typical serological course for acute hepatitis A.
Hepatitis B - View a typical serological course for acute hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B - View a typical serological course for chronic hepatitis B.
Kayser-Fleischer Ring - Slit lamp view of Kayser-Fleischer ring associated with Wilson disease.
Porphyria cutanea tarda - Typical lesions of porphyria cutanea tarda associated with hepatitis C.
.Cirrhosis (Chapter 25)
Esophageal Varices - View the endoscopic appearance of bleeding esophageal varices.
Ascites - View a patient with massive ascites due to alcoholic cirrhosis.
Spider angioma - View a spider angioma in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis.
Gynecomastia - View gynecomastia in a male patient with cirrhosis.
Parotid Enlargement - View typical parotid enlargement associated with longstanding alcohol abuse.
Dupuytren's Contracture - View an example of a patient with Dupuytren's contractures associated with longstanding alcohol abuse.
Palmar Erythema - View an example of palmar erythema.
White Nails - View clubbing and white nails associated with cirrhosis.
MEDL Scoring System - Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) is a validated chronic liver disease scoring system that uses noninvasive laboratory tests to predict survival. It is also used to prioritize allocation of organs for liver transplantation. Go to the United Network of Organ Sharing web site to learn more about MELD and to use a calculator to determine the MELD score.
Drug Therapy - View a table of drugs commonly used to manage cirrhosis.
.Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Chapter 26)
Diagnostic Evaluation - Review the standard diagnostic evaluation for suspected inflammatory bowel disease.
Clostridium difficile Colitis - Colonoscopic view of C. difficile colitis.
Anal Fistula - View an anal fistula associated with Crohn's disease.